Operation CHARM: Car repair manuals for everyone.
Manuals through 2025 now available!

Our trusted friends have launched a new website named LEMON, which has newer manuals. It also contains all the CHARM manuals.

LEMON is the spiritual successor to CHARM, I recommend you try it!

Link: lemon-manuals.la or lemon-manuals.org.ua

(Some people have issue connecting. LEMON is investigating. For now, use Firefox or change your DNS server)

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Electrolyte Freezing

The electrolyte freezing point depends on its specific gravity. Since freezing can ruin a battery, it should be protected against freezing by keeping it in a charged condition.

When the green dot is visible in the hydrometer, the battery is a least 65% charged and will not freeze unless the temperature goes below -31°C (-25°F). The higher the state of charge the lower the freezing point. A fully charged battery will not freeze until the temperature goes below -65°C (-85°F).